Written by Alex Salmon. Alex is the founder of Feel Better Nutrition and is an Accredited Practising Dietitian (APD) based in Melbourne. Alex specialises in oncology-based dietetics for people with breast cancer from diagnosis and treatment through to survivorship.

Cancer treatment can significantly affect the skin, often causing dryness, sensitivity, and other issues that may persist long after therapy has ended. The skin is the body’s largest organ, and like other organs, its health is deeply influenced by nutrition. Certain nutrients play critical roles in skin structure, repair, and overall function. Let’s explore the science behind key nutrients that support skin health.

 

Collagen: The Skin’s Structural Protein

Collagen is a major component of the skin’s extracellular matrix, providing structure, elasticity, and strength. It is often described as the “scaffolding” that keeps skin firm and youthful. Age and exposure to environmental stressors naturally reduce collagen production, and cancer treatments like radiation and chemotherapy can accelerate this process, leading to thinner, more fragile skin.

 

While the body can synthesise collagen from amino acids found in protein-rich foods (such as meat, fish, soy, and eggs), hydrolysed collagen supplements have gained popularity for their potential benefits. Emerging research suggests that these supplements may improve skin elasticity, hydration, and reduce wrinkles. Although the science is still developing, early data supports the idea that collagen supplements may benefit individuals with fragile skin post-cancer treatment.

 

Vitamin C: Potent Antioxidant and Collagen’s Best Friend

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen synthesis, acting as a co-factor in enzymatic reactions that stabilise and cross-link collagen fibres, making them more resilient. Without enough vitamin C, collagen production suffers, which can impair wound healing and accelerate skin ageing. Vitamin C is also a powerful antioxidant, helping protect skin cells from oxidative stress.

 

Foods rich in vitamin C include:

• Citrus fruits
• Pineapple
• Strawberries
• Capsicum
• Broccoli
• Leafy greens like spinach, rocket, and kale

 

Ensuring adequate intake of vitamin C is key to maintaining healthy skin structure and function. While dietary sources of vitamin C are safe during cancer treatment, it is worth noting that vitamin C supplements may interfere with certain treatments and should be avoided unless recommended by a healthcare professional.

 

Vitamin A: Supporting Skin Cell Renewal and Repair

Vitamin A, particularly in the form of retinoids, plays a crucial role in skin cell turnover and repair. Retinoids promote the production of new skin cells, which can be especially helpful for individuals experiencing dry or damaged skin as a result of cancer treatments. They also help regulate oil production and reduce inflammation, improving skin texture and appearance.

 

Sources of vitamin A include:

• Liver
• Eggs
• Dairy products
• Oily fish

 

It's important to note that consuming too much vitamin A from animal sources (like liver) can be harmful, so moderation is key. A safer way to obtain vitamin A is through beta-carotene, a red-orange pigment found in plant-based foods. The body converts beta-carotene into vitamin A only when needed, preventing the risk of overconsumption.

 

Sources of beta-carotene include:

• Carrots
• Sweet potatoes
• Pumpkin
• Tomatoes
• Leafy green vegetables

 

Vitamin E: The Skin’s Natural Moisturiser and Protector

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage and is well-known for its moisturising properties. Cancer treatments, particularly radiation, can deplete skin moisture and cause irritation, making vitamin E beneficial in rehydrating and soothing the skin. Vitamin E also plays a key role in wound healing, especially after surgery or radiation.

 

Good sources of vitamin E include:

• Nuts
• Seeds
• Extra virgin olive oil
• Avocado

 

Vitamin D: Supporting Skin Barrier Function

Vitamin D, often associated with bone health, also supports skin barrier function and immune regulation. It helps modulate the skin’s immune responses, which is particularly important during and after cancer treatment, when the skin is more vulnerable to infections and inflammation. While the body synthesises vitamin D through sunlight exposure, many people do not get enough, particularly during the winter months.

 

Food sources of vitamin D include:

• Oily fish (like salmon, tuna, and sardines)
• Fortified dairy and plant-based milks
• Egg yolks
• Sun-exposed mushrooms (mushrooms exposed to sunlight can produce vitamin D)

 

In some cases, vitamin D supplementation may be recommended, particularly for individuals who are deficient.

 

Zinc: Essential for Skin Healing

Zinc is a trace mineral crucial for wound healing, immune function, and overall skin integrity. It supports protein synthesis, including collagen production, helping maintain the skin’s natural structure.

 

Zinc-rich foods include:

• Meat
• Shellfish, particularly oysters
• Legumes
• Seeds and nuts
• Wholegrains
• Dark chocolate

 

Hydration for Supple Skin

Hydration is essential for maintaining skin health, particularly during cancer treatment. Adequate hydration helps maintain the skin's moisture barrier, which protects against environmental irritants and promotes smooth, supple skin. Dehydration can lead to dry, flaky, and irritated skin, worsening the effects of treatment-related skin issues. Drinking at least 2 litres of water per day and consuming hydrating foods like fruits and vegetables can help keep the skin moisturised from within.

 

Nourishing the Skin from the Inside Out

While nutrition plays an important role in skin health, it is only part of the equation. Supplementation and targeted skincare can also be helpful, particularly for those with increased needs due to cancer therapies or other conditions. Ensuring adequate intake of vitamins A, C, E, D, zinc, and collagen can support skin integrity, hydration, and healing. Aim to nourish your body with a wide variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, wholegrains, legumes, nuts, seeds, and protein-rich foods.

 

For more support from an Oncology Dietitian, visit www.feelbetternutrition.com.au to book a consult or download our helpful guides to help you nourish your body well during and after cancer treatment. Use code NOURISH10 for 10% off the Feel Better Nutrition Resource Hub!

 

 

Alex is the founder of Feel Better Nutrition and is an Accredited Practising Dietitian (APD) based in Melbourne. Alex specialises in oncology-based dietetics for people with breast cancer from diagnosis and treatment through to survivorship.